Primary studyYeast & synthetic biology
Construction and iterative redesign of synXVI a 903 kb synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome
Builds synthetic yeast chromosome XVI and documents design defects and repairs.
2025
Death X / The Science
The science.
Made understandable.
A curated research index, including studies, datasets, standards and original-provider resources. View the evidence map
PerspectiveYeast & synthetic biology
Towards the construction of a virtual yeast
Proposes an AI-driven virtual yeast linking biological data, models and experiments.
2026
Primary studyYeast & synthetic biology
Systematic humanization of yeast genes reveals conserved functions and genetic modularity
Tests human genes as replacements for essential yeast genes.
2015
Humanized yeast to model human biology, disease and evolution
Reviews humanized yeast models of human gene function and disease variants.
2022
Primary studyYeast & synthetic biology
The adaptive molecular landscape of reprogrammed telomeric sequences
Examines molecular adaptation to human-like telomeric repeats in yeast.
2026
DatabaseYeast & synthetic biology
Saccharomyces Genome Database
Curated yeast genes, pathways, literature and analysis tools.
Resource
Primary studyYeast & synthetic biology
Iterative SCRaMbLE for engineering synthetic genome modules and chromosomes
Investigates iterative rearrangement of synthetic genome modules and chromosomes.
2025
Primary studyYeast & synthetic biology
Debugging and consolidating multiple synthetic chromosomes reveals combinatorial genetic interactions
Combines synthetic chromosomes and investigates interacting design defects.
2023
CommentaryYeast & synthetic biology
Building synthetic chromosomes one yeast at a time: insights from Sc2.0
Sc2.0 researchers reflect on synthetic yeast chromosome construction.
2025
ProgramGenomes & identity
Human Genome Reference Program (HGRP)
NHGRI explains efforts to improve human reference genomes.
Resource
Primary studyGenomes & identity
A draft human pangenome reference
Introduces a diverse draft pangenome and compares variant detection with a single reference.
2023
Primary studyGenomes & identity
The complete sequence of a human genome
Reports the T2T consortium's gapless human reference sequence.
2022
Reference resourceGenomes & identity
Genome in a Bottle
NIST provides genome benchmarks and materials for evaluating sequencing accuracy.
Resource
GuidanceConsent, privacy & ethics
Data Use
HPRC sets out ethical considerations for responsible pangenome data use.
2025
GuidanceConsent, privacy & ethics
Genetic Testing FAQ
NHGRI explains testing, potential consequences and limits of genetic-discrimination protection.
Resource
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
Parallel molecular data storage by printing epigenetic bits on DNA
Demonstrates digital information written as methylation patterns on DNA templates.
2024
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
Robust direct digital-to-biological data storage in living cells
Demonstrates direct digital-to-biological encoding in living cells.
2021
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
Towards practical and robust DNA-based data archiving using the yin–yang codec system
Tests a DNA encoding system, including storage in yeast.
2022
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
Random access DNA memory using Boolean search in an archival file storage system
Demonstrates selective retrieval of DNA files using barcoded silica capsules.
2021
MethodsDNA as a storage medium
Reversible DNA encapsulation in silica to produce ROS-resistant and heat-resistant synthetic DNA 'fossils'
Describes protective silica encapsulation of DNA and subsequent recovery.
2013
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
DNA Fountain enables a robust and efficient storage architecture
Introduces an error-tolerant coding approach for DNA file storage and recovery.
2017
ReviewDNA as a storage medium
Advances and challenges in non-canonical nucleic acids data storage
Surveys non-canonical nucleic-acid storage and preservation challenges.
2026
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
Scalable and robust DNA-based storage via coding theory and deep learning
Combines coding theory and deep learning for DNA-storage information retrieval.
2025
ReviewDNA as a storage medium
Molecular digital data storage using DNA
Surveys molecular data storage architectures and technical bottlenecks.
2019
Primary studyDecomposition & transformation
A conserved interdomain microbial network underpins cadaver decomposition despite environmental variables
Identifies interacting decomposer communities across human cadavers in different environments.
2024
Dataset paperDecomposition & transformation
16S rRNA, metagenomics and 2bRAD-M sequencing to decode human thanatomicrobiome
Compares microbial sequencing across tissues and decomposition stages in eight cadavers.
2024
Primary studyDecomposition & transformation
Quantifying the relative contributions of bacterial and fungal communities to carcass decomposition using a quantitative microbiome profiling approach
Quantifies bacterial and fungal communities during carcass decomposition.
2025
Provider reportDecomposition & transformation
Human Composting Soil Research
Reports a six-donor natural organic reduction pilot conducted with Washington State University.
2018
Historical
Primary studyHistorical: soil ecology
Functional and Structural Succession of Soil Microbial Communities below Decomposing Human Cadavers.
Examines soil microbial structure and function beneath decomposing human cadavers.
2015
Historical
Primary studyHistorical: soil ecology
Soil elemental changes during human decomposition
Measures dissolved soil elements during a four-month human decomposition study.
2023
Primary studyBiobanking & preservation
Exploring DNA degradation in situ and in museum storage through genomics and metagenomics
Compares DNA preservation in archaeological bones with different excavation and storage histories.
2025
Primary studyBiobanking & preservation
Investigating ancient human DNA preservation on cave walls and in rock art
Investigates ancient human DNA in cave-wall pigments and rock-art environments.
2026
GuidanceBiobanking & preservation
Best Practices for Biospecimen Resources - NCI
NCI's fourth-edition practices cover biospecimen operations, quality and governance.
2026
GuidanceBiobanking & preservation
Technical and Operational Best Practices - NCI
Addresses sample collection, storage, retrieval, quality controls and operations.
2026
GuidanceConsent, privacy & ethics
Governance Best Practices - NCI
Covers biospecimen custodianship, consent, privacy, access and legacy planning.
2026
GuidanceBiobanking & preservation
ISBER Best Practices For Repositories - ISBER
ISBER repository practices address sample stewardship and quality management.
2023
Primary studyBiobanking & preservation
Vitrification and nanowarming enable long-term organ cryopreservation and life-sustaining kidney transplantation in a rat model
Demonstrates vitrification, nanowarming and life-supporting transplantation of rat kidneys.
2023
Primary studyBiobanking & preservation
Ultrastructure of human brain tissue vitrified from autopsy revealed by cryo-ET with cryo-plasma FIB milling
Uses vitrified autopsy brain tissue for cryo-electron tomography.
2024
Primary studyBiobanking & preservation
Effective cryopreservation of human brain tissue and neural organoids
Investigates cryopreservation of human brain tissue and neural organoids.
2024
Primary studyBiobanking & preservation
Pancreatic islet cryopreservation by vitrification achieves high viability, function, recovery and clinical scalability for transplantation
Studies vitrification and functional recovery of pancreatic islets.
2022
Primary studyBiobanking & preservation
Nanowarming and ice-free cryopreservation of large sized, intact porcine articular cartilage
Studies ice-free preservation and nanowarming of porcine cartilage.
2023
Primary studyMemory & the brain
Functional recovery of the adult murine hippocampus after cryopreservation by vitrification
Reports short-term recovery of hippocampal electrophysiological function after vitrification in mice.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaRead the evidence noteOriginal source
2026
Primary studyMemory & the brain
Systems consolidation reorganizes hippocampal engram circuitry
Studies hippocampal engram circuit reorganization during memory consolidation.
2025
Dataset paperMaps of neural connections
Functional connectomics spanning multiple areas of mouse visual cortex
MICrONS links neuronal activity with dense wiring maps in mouse visual cortex.
2025
Dataset paperMaps of neural connections
A petavoxel fragment of human cerebral cortex reconstructed at nanoscale resolution
Reconstructs a small fragment of human cerebral cortex at nanoscale resolution.
2024
Primary studyNeural interfaces & decoding
Semantic reconstruction of continuous language from non-invasive brain recordings
Reconstructs aspects of language from subject-specific non-invasive brain recordings.
2023
PerspectiveMemory & the brain
Astroengrams: rethinking the cellular substrate for memory
Discusses astrocyte ensembles and an expanded view of memory engrams.
2026
Primary studyCellular recovery
Restoration of brain circulation and cellular functions hours post-mortem
Restores circulation and selected cellular functions in isolated pig brains after death.
2019
StandardA life, recorded
Levels of Digital Preservation
NDSA Levels of Digital Preservation offers a staged framework; version 2.1 includes sustainability.
2026
StandardA life, recorded
Recommended Formats Statement - Resources (Preservation, Library of Congress)
Library of Congress 2025–2026 format recommendations address long-term access.
2025
GuidanceA life, recorded
Digital Formats
Explains Library of Congress digital-format management and preservation decisions.
Resource
StandardA life, recorded
The BagIt File Packaging Format (RFC 8493)
BagIt specifies collection packaging and manifests for transfer and integrity checks.
2018
Reference resourceA life, recorded
Sustainability of Digital Formats: Planning for Library of Congress Collections
Library of Congress documents file formats and preservation characteristics.
Resource
GuidanceA life, recorded
Personal Digital Archiving
Practical advice for preserving personal digital photos, recordings and documents.
Resource
GuidanceA life, recorded
Personal Digital Records - Personal Archiving
Explains how to organize and retain important personal digital records.
Resource
StandardA life, recorded
The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship
FAIR principles address findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable research data.
2016
Historical
GuidanceHistorical: marine ecology
Coral reef restoration monitoring guide: Methods to evaluate restoration success from local to ecosystem scales - NCCOS - National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
NOAA describes how to assess coral-restoration outcomes across scales.
Resource
Historical
ProgramHistorical: marine ecology
NCRMP
NOAA integrates biological and environmental coral-reef observations.
Resource
Historical
DatabaseHistorical: marine ecology
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Homepage and Near Real-Time Products Portal
NOAA Coral Reef Watch provides near-real-time coral heat-stress monitoring.
Resource
Historical
MethodsHistorical: marine ecology
NCRMP
NOAA provides consistent coral-reef monitoring protocols.
Resource
Historical
Primary studyHistorical: marine ecology
Artificial reef footprint in the United States ocean
Quantifies artificial-reef seafloor footprint across US ocean reefing programs.
2024
Historical
Primary studyHistorical: marine ecology
Artificial structures can facilitate rapid coral recovery under climate change
Examines long-term coral cover on artificial structures and natural reefs in Okinawa.
2025
Historical
Primary studyHistorical: marine ecology
The natural architecture of oyster reefs maximizes recruit survival
Tests how oyster-reef geometry influences settlement, predation and survival.
2026
Historical
Primary studyHistorical: marine ecology
Ocean heat determines benthic trajectories on artificial as well as natural submarine substrata
Tracks artificial and natural substrates under repeated ocean heat stress.
2025
Historical
Research synthesisHistorical: marine ecology
Restoration cannot be scaled up globally to save reefs from loss and degradation
Examines limits of scaling restoration to offset global reef degradation.
2025
Historical
ProgramHistorical: marine ecology
Artificial Reefs
Florida FWC provides artificial-reef information and program resources.
Resource
Historical
RegulationDisposition & regulation
Burial at Sea
EPA explains burial-at-sea permit conditions and excluded activities, including artificial reef placement.
Resource
RegulationDisposition & regulation
WAC 246-500-055:
Washington specifies testing, sampling and records for natural organic reduction output.
Resource
RegulationDisposition & regulation
RCW 68.04.020:
Washington defines remains to include cremation, hydrolysis and natural organic reduction.
Resource
RegulationDisposition & regulation
§ 7–231.17. Final disposition of dead body or fetus.
DC specifies disposition authorizations, permits and required death documentation.
Resource
RegulationDisposition & regulation
§ 3–402. Definitions.
DC defines regulated funeral roles, establishments and human remains.
Resource
GuidanceDisposition & regulation
Complying with the Funeral Rule
FTC explains itemized funeral-price disclosures and covered pre-need arrangements.
Resource
GuidanceDisposition & regulation
The FTC Funeral Rule
FTC explains consumers' rights to choose funeral goods and services individually.
Resource
GuidanceDisposition & regulation
Comprehensive clearance search for similar trademarks
USPTO explains searches for confusingly similar trademarks.
Resource
Reference resourceDisposition & regulation
Search our trademark database
USPTO provides federal trademark search tools and guidance.
Resource
RegulationContainment & biosafety
TSCA Biotechnology Regulations
EPA explains TSCA review for certain new microorganisms.
Resource
GuidanceContainment & biosafety
Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 6th Edition
CDC and NIH's sixth-edition BMBL emphasizes risk assessment and containment.
2020
GuidanceContainment & biosafety
4.1.27 Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules (including Human Gene Transfer Research)
NIH explains applicability of recombinant and synthetic nucleic-acid guidelines.
2026
GuidanceContainment & biosafety
NOT-OD-25-082: Implementation Update: Promoting Maximal Transparency Under the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules
NIH clarifies transparency expectations for institutional biosafety committees.
2025
ReviewContainment & biosafety
Design and regulation of engineered bacteria for environmental release
Reviews engineering and regulation of microbes intended for environmental release.
2025
ReviewContainment & biosafety
Advances in biocontainment strategies of engineered microbes for use in humans
Surveys containment approaches for engineered microbes used in humans.
2026
Ethics researchConsent, privacy & ethics
Griefbots, Deadbots, Postmortem Avatars: On Responsible Applications of Generative AI in the Digital Afterlife Industry
Examines consent, transparency and retirement of AI simulations of deceased people.
2024
Primary studyConsent, privacy & ethics
Identifying personal genomes by surname inference
Demonstrates re-identification using genetic genealogy and other information.
2013
FrameworkConsent, privacy & ethics
Privacy Framework
NIST's Privacy Framework structures privacy risk management.
Resource
Draft frameworkConsent, privacy & ethics
CSWP 40, NIST Privacy Framework 1.1
NIST's initial public draft of Privacy Framework 1.1 proposes updates.
2025
ProgramConsent, privacy & ethics
Data Security Work Stream – GA4GH
GA4GH develops security standards for genomic data exchange.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
Home - SRA - NCBI
NCBI SRA provides sequencing-study records and raw data.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
NCBI dbGaP
dbGaP links genotype and phenotype studies with controlled-access research data.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
European Nucleotide Archive
EMBL-EBI introduces the European Nucleotide Archive's sequence holdings.
Resource
StandardData, software & discovery
Refget Specifications
GA4GH refget supports unambiguous reference-sequence identifiers and retrieval.
Resource
API documentationData, software & discovery
How to Download Records using the ENA Browser API — ENA Documentation 1 documentation
ENA documents programmatic sequence-record retrieval.
Resource
Reference resourceData, software & discovery
Our products – GA4GH
GA4GH catalogs genomic data, security and interoperability standards.
Resource
SoftwareData, software & discovery
Quickstart Tutorial
GA4GH Starter Kit demonstrates genomic data-service implementations.
Resource
SoftwareData, software & discovery
BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
NCBI BLAST compares biological sequences with reference databases.
Resource
SoftwareData, software & discovery
Galaxy Hub
Galaxy supports web-based, reproducible biomedical analyses.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
BioStudies < The European Bioinformatics Institute < EMBL-EBI
BioStudies links data and supporting materials for biological studies.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
Datasets - NCBI - NLM
NCBI Datasets packages genomes, annotations and metadata.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
Ensembl
Ensembl supplies genome annotation and comparative-genomics resources.
Resource
SoftwareData, software & discovery
UCSC Genome Browser
UCSC supports genome visualization, track queries and coordinate conversion.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
MetaboLights
MetaboLights holds metabolomics studies, raw measurements and metadata.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
PRIDE Archive
PRIDE archives mass-spectrometry evidence for proteins and peptides.
Resource
API documentationData, software & discovery
PRIDE Archive API Guide
PRIDE documents project, file and metadata queries.
Resource
SoftwareData, software & discovery
QIIME 2 Homepage
QIIME 2 provides reproducible microbiome and multi-omics analysis.
Resource
SoftwareData, software & discovery
Bioconductor - Home
Bioconductor supplies open-source biological data-analysis tools.
Resource
API documentationData, software & discovery
Europe PMC
Europe PMC documents publication and preprint search.
Resource
API documentationData, software & discovery
REST API - Crossref
Crossref exposes bibliographic metadata, identifiers and publication updates.
Resource
API documentationData, software & discovery
API reference
OpenAlex supports discovery across works, authors, institutions and topics.
Resource
Primary studyNeural organoids & assembloids
Brain organoid reservoir computing for artificial intelligence
Neural organoids were connected to electronics for speech classification and prediction tasks.
2023
Primary studyBiological computing
In vitro neurons learn and exhibit sentience when embodied in a simulated game-world
Human and mouse neuron cultures altered performance in a simplified Pong-like feedback environment.
2022
PerspectiveBiological computing
Organoid intelligence (OI): the new frontier in biocomputing and intelligence-in-a-dish
A research agenda joins neural cultures, interfaces, computation and embedded ethics.
2023
Primary studyNeural organoids & assembloids
Human brain organoids record the passage of time over multiple years
Organoids maintained for five years showed molecular features of developmental ageing.
2026
Primary studyNeural interfaces & decoding
Shape-conformal porous frameworks for full coverage of neural organoids and high-resolution electrophysiology
A three-dimensional electrode framework improves access to organoid electrical activity.
2026
Primary studyLiving cells & reprogramming
Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors
Adult human skin-derived cells were reprogrammed to a pluripotent state.
2007
Primary studyNeural organoids & assembloids
Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly
Three-dimensional cultures modelled aspects of brain development and a developmental disorder.
2013
Primary studyNeural organoids & assembloids
Assembly of functionally integrated human forebrain spheroids
Joined regional neural cultures modelled cell migration and integration into circuits.
2017
Primary studyNeural organoids & assembloids
Maturation and circuit integration of transplanted human cortical organoids
Human cortical organoids matured and integrated with circuits after transplantation into rats.
2022
Primary studyCellular recovery
Cellular recovery after prolonged warm ischaemia of the whole body
OrganEx restored selected molecular and cellular processes in pig organs after interrupted circulation.
2022
Dataset paperMaps of neural connections
Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain
A synapse-resolution reconstruction maps the adult fruit-fly brain.
2024
Primary studyMaps of neural connections
A Drosophila computational brain model reveals sensorimotor processing
A connectome-based simulation generated predictions about fly feeding and grooming circuits.
2024
Primary studyMaps of neural connections
Network statistics of the whole-brain connectome of Drosophila
Network analysis identifies organization and recurring connection patterns in a fly brain.
2024
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
A mixed culture of bacterial cells enables an economic DNA storage on a large scale
The study stored 445 kilobytes of encoded digital information in a mixed bacterial culture.
2020
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
CRISPR–Cas encoding of a digital movie into the genomes of a population of living bacteria
Image and movie information was encoded and reconstructed using bacterial populations.
2017
Primary studyLiving cells & reprogramming
Motile Living Biobots Self-Construct from Adult Human Somatic Progenitor Seed Cells
Adult human airway-derived cells formed motile multicellular structures called Anthrobots.
2024
GuidanceConsent, privacy & ethics
ISSCR Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation
Professional guidance addresses research oversight, consent and responsible claims about stem-cell models.
2025
StandardNeural organoids & assembloids
ISSCR standards: Stem cell-based model systems
Standards help researchers characterize and report stem-cell-derived model systems.
2023
DatabaseMaps of neural connections
MICrONS Explorer: Cubic Millimeter
Explore linked structural and functional measurements from mouse cortex.
Resource
DatabaseMaps of neural connections
FlyWire Codex
Search and explore neurons, annotations and connections in fly connectome datasets.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
Allen Cell Types Database
Browse measurements of human and mouse neurons, including morphology and electrical responses.
Resource
DatabaseData, software & discovery
DANDI Archive
Discover shared neurophysiology datasets, their versions and associated metadata.
Resource
StandardData, software & discovery
Neurodata Without Borders
A shared format organizes neurophysiology measurements and their context.
Resource
GuidanceData, software & discovery
CDC Clear Communication Index
A communication framework emphasizes the audience, main message, plain language and state of the science.
Resource
GuidanceData, software & discovery
Google: Creating helpful, reliable, people-first content
Search documentation explains the value of useful original explanations and clear authorship.
Resource
Reference resourceGenomes & identity
What is heritability?
Heritability describes genetic contributions to variation within a population under particular conditions.
Resource
RegulationContainment & biosafety
40 CFR Part 725: Reporting Requirements and Review Processes for Microorganisms
Federal rules address certain commercial uses of new microorganisms and specify conditional exemptions.
Resource
RegulationDisposition & regulation
New York General Business Law § 453: Moneys paid in connection with agreements for funeral merchandise or services
New York law sets requirements for certain pre-need funds, including trust and refund provisions.
Resource
ReviewBiological computing
Computing inspired by the brain: a journey from algorithms to organoids
A review traces computing approaches from algorithms to biological neural systems.
2026
Primary studyDNA as a storage medium
An artificial chromosome for data storage
An engineered chromosome is investigated as a carrier of encoded digital information.
2021
Primary studyNeural organoids & assembloids
Individual brain organoids reproducibly form cell diversity of the human cerebral cortex
Single-cell measurements compare cell diversity and reproducibility in cortical organoids.
2019
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